US312184A - Electrioarg lamp - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

0. P. BRUSH.

ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

No. 312,184. Patented Feb. 10, 1885.

WITNESSES VENTUR UNITED STATES PATENT QEETQEO CHARLES E. BRUSH, OE CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ELECTRIC ARG LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,186, dated February 19,1885.

Application tiled August 7, 1850. (X model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES E. BRUSH, of Cleveland, in the county of Cnyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and use fnl Improvements in Electric Lamps; and [do hereby declare the-following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to electric-light regu lators, and has foritsobjeot the antomaticcontrol of the arc length, not necessarily depending on variation in the strength of the working-current.

I accomplish my object by employing two axial magnets-one of low resistance located in the working-circuit, and the other of high resistance located in a shunt around the are between the carbons. These magnets are so I arranged that they constantly tend to impel the carbon-moving mechanism in opposite directions, the maiircircuit magnet tending to scp-. arate the carbons, and the shunt-circuit mag net tending to bring the carbons together, but with an inferior force.

In the drawings, A is a hollow helix or axial magnet ofhigh resistance, havingits ends connected with the upper andlower carbons, respectively. B is a similar helix, but of comparatively very low resistance, located in themain-line circuit including the carbons. These helices are provided with movable iron cores pivoted to opposite ends of a lever, C, which in turn is pivoted to a fixed support at a. D is a lifting and feeding arm, through the agency of which, together with the ringclamp E, the upper carbon, F, is primarily lii'tedand afterward allowed to feed. The number of convolutions of the helix B is such that when the are between the carbons is ot'normal length, and the helix A consequently excited to its normal strength, the attraction of the former helix for its core shall be just suificientto sustain the carbon F, notwithstanding the counter attraction of the helix A. Any increase in the length of the are between the carbons will shunt more current through the helix A, increasing its attraction for its movable core and allowing the clamp E, through the lever D, to case its grip on the carbon or carboir holder F, so that the latter moves downward bygravitation. lt'thearcbecomestooshort,tlic magnetism of the helix A is weakened. This is evid ntly equivalent to an increase of magnet ism in thehelix B,and the carbon F is raised as at first. Thus it will be seen that, although the magnetism ofthe helix B may remain perfectly constant, its available carbon lilting and sustaining t'orce varies in an inverse sense with the length of the are between the carbons through the agency of the variable current hereby produced in the helix A; consequently two or more regulators controlled by this device may be operated in a single electric circuit, each regulator performing its functions independently.

The axial magnets A and B may each consist of a pair of helices with corresponding cores connected together by a heel-piece in the manner customary with doubleaxial magnets. They may also be arranged in various positions and with or withonta lever, C, provided always that they tend to actuate the carbon E in opposite directions.

A regulator provided with common magnets-that is, magnets with fixed cores and arniatures arranged to approach and recede from the ends of the corcswhen combined with the main shunt-circuits in the manner above described is objectionablein practice on account of certain inherent disadvantages from which the solenoid or axial magnets are free.

With the common magnets the available range of motion is very small on account of their rapidly varying attraction for their armaturcs as the distances of the latter vary. This necessitates powerful magnets and anice adjustment of armature distances, which ad justment is diilicult to maintain.

The evil of the rapidly varying attraction with slight changes of armature distance is aggravated by the circumstance that one armature is farthest i'roniits magnet whilethe other is nearest, and the contrary when the other limit of motion is reached.

With magnets and armatures arranged with relation to each other so that the movingpart or parts may travel through a considerable distance with a sul'istantial uniformity of pulling force, thus acting as in axial magnets, a

comparatively wide range of motion is attainable with very little change of power.

.l n this application I do not broadly claim the combination, with either of the carbons of an electric lamp, of two electro-magnets irrespective of their type, one beinglocatedin the main circuit and the other in a constantly closed shunt-circuit of high resistance, and de vices actuated by the electro-inagnets for establishing and regulating the are, as such subject-matter and such others as are not herein claimed are reserved for another application and for a division of this application.

Having fully described my inventiomwhatl claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. fln an electric lamp, the combination of solenoid or axial magnet helices or equivalent magnets, one helix located in the main circuit and the other helix located in a constantly closed shunt-circuit of comparatively high resistance with the feeding-carbon ofan electric lamp, and devices operated by the simultaneous coaction of said magnet-helices to move the leeding-carbon to establish the arc and regulate the length of the arc, substan tially as set forth.

2. In an eleclriclamp,the COlllbl1lLlllO1],Wlhh the feeding-carbon, of solenoid or axial magnet helices or equivalent magnets, one helix located in the main circuit and the other helix located in a constantly closed shunt-circuit of comparatively high resistance, and devices operated by the simultaneous coaction of said magnet-helices to move the ceding-carbon to establish the are, regulate thelength of the are, and feed of the carbon, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric lamp,the combination,with the feeding-carbon, of solenoid or axial magnet helices or equivalent magnets, one helix located in the main circuit and the othcrhelix located in a constantly closed shunt-circuit of comparatively high resistance, and devices actuated by the simultaneous coaction of said magnet-helices and adapted to grip and move the carbon-holder of the fecding-carbon to es tablish the arc and regulate the length of the are, substantially as set forth.

4. In an electriclamp,tl1e combinalion,\vith the feedingcarbon, of solenoid or axial magnet helices or equivalent magnets, one helix located in the main circuit and the other helix located in a constantly closed shunt-circuit ot' comparatively high resistance, and devices actuated by the simultaneous coaction 01' said magnet-helices and adapted to grip and move the carbon-holder ol" the feeding-carbon to es tablish the are, regulate the length ot'ihearc, and feed of the carbon, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I havesigned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES l BRUSH. lVitnesses:

Lnvnnn'rr L. Lnoonr'r, Jivof OnownLL, Jr.

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